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Desórdenes del metabolismo glucídico y síndrome metabólico en pacientes de covid-19
Resumen
El síndrome metabólico comprende un conjunto de factores de riesgo cardiovascular asociado a resistencia a la insulina, que propicia la aparición de enfermedad cardiovascular y de diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Su etiología se atribuye a la combinación de factores genéticos y ambientales, asociados al estilo de vida, que favorecen un estado proinflamatorio y protrombótico que empeora el cuadro clínico de los pacientes con covid-19. El objetivo de la revisión consistió en analizar el estado actual del conocimiento científico en las investigaciones sobre la interrelación entre los desórdenes del metabolismo glucídico y el síndrome metabólico, asociados a la condición proinflamatoria exacerbada en pacientes de covid-19. Se hicieron búsquedas en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, ClinicalKey y LILACS. Al proceso proinflamatorio generado por malos hábitos alimentarios, la sobrealimentación calórica de alto índice glicémico, y estilos de vida sedentarios, se atribuye un papel relevante en la patogénesis del síndrome metabólico, así como en sus posibles complicaciones en pacientes de covid-19 con comorbilidades asociadas. Es posible reducir la condición inflamatoria del síndrome metabólico mediante modificaciones en el estilo de vida y hábitos alimentarios, que prevengan la obesidad y sus efectos en la resistencia a la insulina, lo cual propicia reducir la gravedad asociada a los procesos inflamatorios inherentes.
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Referencias
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