Low weight risk factors at birth. University Policlinic José Jacinto Milanes. 2013-2014

Abstract

Introduction: Low weight at birth in children is still being a health problem and it is considered that mortality in the first year of life is 40 times higher in these children than in children born full term with normal weight.
Objective: to describe the low weight risk factors at birth in the University Policlinic “José Jacinto Milanes” in the period 2013-2014.
Materials and Methods: taking into account the biopsychosocial repercussion of low weight at birth, a cross sectional, descriptive research was carried out, on the risk factors influencing the contribution of the pregnant women belonging to the Policlinic “Jose Jacinto Milanes” of Matanzas to this indicator in the period 2013-2014. Data were gathered in the Department of Statistics of the policlinic, the individual clinical records and the pregnant women´s obstetric carnets.
Results: pregnant women aged 25-29 years old were the highest percent with 35.2 %; multiparity represented 52.9 %. Cervical vaginal sepsis was present in 58.8 % of the pregnant women with low birth newborns; bronchial asthma, placenta previa and preeclampsia were 14.7 % of the maternal diseases.
Conclusions: the authors of the study found that the most frequent risk factors causing low weight at birth were being in the 25-29 age group, multipara women, the presence of vaginal sepsis in pregnant women, having unprotected coitus and anemia during pregnancy, preeclampsia, placenta previa and bronchial asthma