Eosinophilic enteritis. Case presentation and literature review

Abstract

Eosinophilic enteritis is the presence of eosinophilic infiltrates in the digestive tract. Currently it is a rare entity than could be located in any region of the digestive tract. Its etiopathogenesis is unknown and is related, in many cases, to antecedents of atopy, Clinical manifestations may vary according to the affected layer. The authors present the case of a patient aged 26 years, with antecedents of having undergone an acute appendicitis surgery in 2011. He arrived to Emergency referring intense, steady pain in the right iliac fossa, accompanied by a 39^o C fever, chills and dyspeptic symptoms. He was admitted and a video endoscopy was carried out. An exudative erythematous antral gastritis was observed with a positive test for Helicobacter pylori. In addition, video laparoscopy also showed the presence of thin, lumped loops and no-recent adherences in the right iliac fossa. In spite of the applied treatment, the patient continued with pain and fever, so the doctors indicated a double-balloon enteroscopy with ileum biopsy. It was informed an unspecific chronic colitis at the colon level and a lymphoid hyperplasia in the ileum. The histopathologic study confirmed the unspecific colitis and a moderate eosinophilia in the ileum. A prednisone and mesalazine treatment was indicated with a notable improvement of the clinical characteristics. The patient was discharged   diagnosed with a eosinophilic enteritis and follow-up in out-patient consultation of Gastroenterology.  Currently he keeps on asymptomatic.