Clinical elements for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the primary health care
Keywords:
acute appendicitis, diagnosis, symptoms, signsAbstract
Acute appendicitis is manifested, sometimes, with a varied and unspecific clinical presentation, which makes difficult its timely diagnosis and favors the complication risk. The objective is to update the information related to the clinical characteristics of acute appendicitis, for which a non-systematic review of the literature was carried out until April 2022. Articles, specialized books and bibliographic citations of selected studies were reviewed, 20 of which were chosen for the review. Through this research it is concluded that the first and main manifestation is abdominal pain. The patient should undergo a rigorous physical examination, including a rectal examination if necessary, and in the case of women, a gynecological examination if there is diagnostic doubt.
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References
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15. Snyder MJ, Guthrie M, Cagle S. Acute Appendicitis: Efficient Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Physician [Internet]. 2018 [citado 15/01/2022];98(1):25-33. Disponible en: https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0701/p25.html
16. Richmond B. Apéndice. En: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, et al. Sabiston: Tratado de Cirugía. Fundamentos biológicos de la práctica quirúrgica moderna. 20ª ed. Barcelona: Elsevier; 2018. p. 1296-311.
17. Gomes CA, Abu-Zidan FM, Sarteli M, et al. Management of appendicitis globally based on income of countries (MAGIC) study. World J Surg. 2018;42(12):3903-10. DOI: 10.1007/s00268-018-4736-1.
18. Alore EA, Ward JL, Todd SR, et al. Population-level outcomes of early versus delayed appendectomy for acute appendicitis using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. J Surg Res. 2018;229:234-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.04.011.
19. Shafi S, Aboutanos M, Brown CVR, et al. Measuring anatomic severity of disease in emergency general surgery. J Trauma Acute Care Surg [Internet]. 2014 [citado 23/07/2021];76(3):884-7. Disponible en: https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/abstract/2014/03000/measuring_anatomic_severity_of_disease_in.47.aspx
20. Mällinen J, Vaarala S, Mäkinen M, et al. Appendicolith appendicitis is clinically complicated acute appendicitis—is it histopathologically different from uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Int J Colorectal Dis [Internet]. 2019 [citado 23/07/2021];34:1393-400. Disponible en: http://jultika.oulu.fi/files/nbnfi-fe2019101032118.pdf
2. Bustos A, Díaz Jara R. Apendicectomía laparoscópica por acceso monopuerto en apendicitis aguda. Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam [Internet]. 2019 [citado 22/07/2021];49(3). Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1993/199361721006/199361721006.pdf
3. Di Saverio S, Podda M, De Simone B, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis: 2020 update of the WSES Jerusalem guidelines. World J Emerg Surg [Internet]. 2020 [citado 22/07/2021];15(27). Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13017-020-00306-3
4. van Dijk ST, van Dijk AH, Dijkgraaf MG, et al. Meta-analysis of in-hospital delay before surgery as a risk factor for complications in patients with acute appendicitis. Br J Surg [Internet]. 2018 [citado 22/07/2021];105(8):933-45. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6033184/
5. Serrano M, Giraldo D, Ordóñez JM, et al. Apendicectomía por único puerto asistida por laparoscopia versus técnica abierta convencional localizada, en pacientes con apendicitis aguda en el Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael. Rev Colomb Cir [Internet]. 2019 [citado 22/07/2021];34(3):245-53. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.30944/20117582.438
6. Kurtzman N, Adler J, Ketterer A, et al. Rare complications of acute appendicitis: A case report. Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med. 2021;5(1):66-9. DOI: 10.5811/cpcem.2020.11.49601.
7. Golden RL. Reginald H. Fitz, appendicitis, and the Osler connection—a discursive review. Surgery. 1995;118(3):504-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0039-6060(05)80366-6.
8. Quevedo Guanche L. Apendicitis aguda: clasificación, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Rev Cubana Cir [Internet]. 2007 [citado 22/07/2021];46(2). Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-74932007000200011
9. Armas Pérez BA, Agramonte Burón O, Martínez Ferrá G. Apuntes históricos y fisiopatológicos sobre apendicitis aguda. Rev Cubana Cir [Internet]. 2019 [citado 02/05/2021];58(1). Disponible en: https://revcirugia.sld.cu/index.php/cir/article/view/736
10. Cabrera LF, Mendoza-Zuchini A, Bernal F, et al. Evaluación de factores asociados a formación de colecciones intraabdominales en apendicectomía monopuerto para apendicitis aguda complicada. Cir Cir. 2021;89(3):384-9. DOI: 10.24875/CIRU.20000475.
11. Soria Acosta AR, Rodríguez Plasencia A, Cabrera Capote M, et al. Prevalencia y etiología de la apendicitis aguda en el hospital IESS de Latacunga. Revista Universidad y Sociedad [Internet]. 2021 [citado 15/01/2022];13(6):543-7. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2218-36202021000600543
12. Fasen G, Schirmer B, Hedrick TL. Appendix. En: Yeo Charles J, DeMeester SR, McFadden DW, et al. Shackelford´s surgery of the alimentary tract. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2019. p. 1951-8.
13. Jiménez Franco LE. Apendicitis aguda catarral retrocecal. SPIMED [Internet]. 2021 [citado 15/01/2022];2(1):e50. Disponible en: http://revspimed.sld.cu/index.php/spimed/article/view/50
14. Hernández-Cortez J, De León-Rendón JL, Martínez-Luna MS, et al. Apendicitis aguda: Revisión de la literatura. Cir Gen [Internet]. 2019 [citado 15/01/2022];41(1):33-8. Disponible en: https://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/new/resumen.cgi?IDARTICULO=86166
15. Snyder MJ, Guthrie M, Cagle S. Acute Appendicitis: Efficient Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Physician [Internet]. 2018 [citado 15/01/2022];98(1):25-33. Disponible en: https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0701/p25.html
16. Richmond B. Apéndice. En: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, et al. Sabiston: Tratado de Cirugía. Fundamentos biológicos de la práctica quirúrgica moderna. 20ª ed. Barcelona: Elsevier; 2018. p. 1296-311.
17. Gomes CA, Abu-Zidan FM, Sarteli M, et al. Management of appendicitis globally based on income of countries (MAGIC) study. World J Surg. 2018;42(12):3903-10. DOI: 10.1007/s00268-018-4736-1.
18. Alore EA, Ward JL, Todd SR, et al. Population-level outcomes of early versus delayed appendectomy for acute appendicitis using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. J Surg Res. 2018;229:234-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.04.011.
19. Shafi S, Aboutanos M, Brown CVR, et al. Measuring anatomic severity of disease in emergency general surgery. J Trauma Acute Care Surg [Internet]. 2014 [citado 23/07/2021];76(3):884-7. Disponible en: https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/abstract/2014/03000/measuring_anatomic_severity_of_disease_in.47.aspx
20. Mällinen J, Vaarala S, Mäkinen M, et al. Appendicolith appendicitis is clinically complicated acute appendicitis—is it histopathologically different from uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Int J Colorectal Dis [Internet]. 2019 [citado 23/07/2021];34:1393-400. Disponible en: http://jultika.oulu.fi/files/nbnfi-fe2019101032118.pdf
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Published
2024-01-01
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Monet-Fernández YE, Álvarez-Valdés MV, Denis-Pérez A. Clinical elements for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the primary health care. Rev Méd Electrón [Internet]. 2024 Jan. 1 [cited 2025 Jan. 23];46:e5245. Available from: https://revmedicaelectronica.sld.cu/index.php/rme/article/view/5245
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