Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised in neurocognitive disorders
Keywords:
neurocognitive disorder, Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised, validationAbstract
Introduction: Neurocognitive disorders refer to the deterioration of executive and cognitive functions, and are causes of disabilities. Its early diagnosis plays a fundamental role in the patient's clinical intervention and in medical practice. An initial evaluation of these disorders is important and short cognitive tests are useful in this setting. Several of them are popular in the medical field, among which is the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised.
Objective: To analyze the updated evidence of the diagnostic validity and clinical usefulness of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised in neurocognitive disorders.
Methods: A systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. Empirical studies were found in PubMed, SciELO and Google Scholar. It was aimed at publications made from 2018 to 2023. Search terms on the topic in English and Spanish were combined, and 4 145 articles were obtained.
Conclusions: The correct validity of the Addenbrooke’s-Revised Test was analyzed. Its extensive use in primary health care was demonstrated, and also its great sensitivity and specificity for the early diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
1. Peñaherrera-Vélez MJ, Santiesteban Díaz Y, Dávila Pontón Y, et al. Revisión bibliográfica: Trastornos neurocognitivos en pacientes infectados con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Rev Med HJCA [Internet]. 2019 [citado 16/06/2023];11(2):143-8. Disponible en: https://docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/2022/11/1100754/113-texto-del-articulo-179-1-10-20200124.pdf
2. Martínez Contreras CA, Moreno Fergusson ME. Calidad de vida en adultos mayores con trastorno neurocognitivo mayor moderado a grave institucionalizados: efecto de la Doll Therapy. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol [Internet]. 2023 [citado 23/12/2023];58(6):101410. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=9228685
3. Grilli M. Eficacia de una prueba diagnóstica. FASGO [Internet]. 2020 [citado 16/06/2023];(7). Disponible en: https://fasgo.org.ar/index.php/enlaces/ministerio-de-salud/111-revista-fasgo/n-7-2020/2060-eficacia-de-una-prueba-diagnostica
4. Mar J, Gorostiza A, Arrospide A, et al. Estimation of the epidemiology of dementia and associated neuropsychiatric symptoms by applying machine learning to real-world data. Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment [Internet]. 2022 [citado 16/06/2023];15(3):167-75. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36272739/
5. Leonel Tavares JW, Braga Neto P, De Carvalho Bonfadini J, et al. Clinical characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of the revised Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination (ACE-R) in older adults with a low educational level. J Bras Psiquiatr [Internet]. 2021 [citado 16/06/2023];70(1). Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/j/jbpsiq/a/75M3ZSkW5cYhpRB9VctN3tq/?lang=en
6. Mimenza-Alvarado AJ, Bombón-Albán P, Duarte-Flores JO, et al. Five-Word Test, screening of mixed dementia in older adults. Validation study. Rev Colomb Psiquiat. 2023;52:S1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2021.04.009.
7. Bombón-Albán PE, Campoverde-Pineda EG, Medina-Carrillo MA. Revisión de las pruebas cognitivas breves para pacientes con sospecha de demencia. Acta Neurol Colomb [Internet]. 2022 [citado 16/06/2023];38(2):98-105. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?pid=S0120-87482022000300098&script=sci_abstract&tlng=es
8. Custodio N, Duque L, Montesinos R, et al. Systematic review of the diagnostic validity of brief cognitive screenings for early dementia detection in Spanish-spekaing adults in Latin America. Front Aging Neurosci. 2020;12(270). DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00270.
9. Cancino M, Rehbein L, Gómez Pérez D, et al. Evaluación de funcionamiento cognitivo en adultos: Análisis y contrastación de tres de los instrumentos de mayor divulgación en Chile. Rev Med Chile. 2020;148(4):452-8. DOI: 10.4067/s0034-98872020000400452.
10. Torres-Castro S, Mena-Montes B, González-Ambrosio G, et al. Escalas de tamizaje cognitivo en habla hispana: una revisión crítica. Neurología. 2022;37(1):53-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2018.03.009.
11. Van den Hurk W, Bergman I, Machado A, et al. Swedish Normative Data for Mindmore: A Comprehensive Cognitive Screening Battery, Both Digital and Self-Administrated. J Int Neuropsychol Soc [Internet]. 2022 [citado 16/06/2023];28(2):188-202. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34027854/
12. Delgado C, Araneda A, Behrens MI. Validación del instrumento Montreal Cognitive Assessment en español en adultos mayores de 60 años. Neurología. 2019;34(6):376-85. DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2017.01.013.
13. Gaete M, Jorquera S, Bello-Lepe S, et al. Resultados estandarizados del Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) para cribado neurocognitivo en población chilena. Neurología [Internet]. 2023 [citado 16/06/2023];38(4):246-55. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485320302942
14. Cova I, Nicotra A, Maestri G, et al. Translations and cultural adaptations of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment: a systematic and qualitative review. Neurol Sci [Internet]. 2022 [citado 17/06/2023];43(1):113-24. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34750686/
15. Potts C, Richardson J, Bond RB, et al. Reliability of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III in differentiating between dementia, mild cognitive impairment and older adults who have not reported cognitive problems. Eur J Ageing [Internet]. 2021 [citado 17/06/2023];19(3):495-507. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34566550/
16. Qassem T, Khater MS, Emara T, et al. Validation of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III in Mild Cognitive Impairment in Arabic Speakers in Egypt. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord [Internet]. 2020 [citado 17/06/2023];49(4):418-22. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33080612/
17. Charernboon T, Chompookard P. Detecting cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia with the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination. Asian J Psychiatry [Internet]. 2019 [citado 17/06/2023];40:19-22. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30690276/
18. Park HY, Yi SH, Suk SH. Normative Data for the Korean Version of Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination. Int J Gerontol. 2022;16(2):139-43. DOI: 10.6890/IJGE.202204_16(2).0012.
19. Custodio N, Becerra-Becerra Y, Cruzado L, et al. Nivel de conocimientos sobre demencia frontotemporal en una muestra de médicos que evalúan regularmente a pacientes con demencia en Lima-Perú. Rev chil neuro-psiquiatr. 2018;56(2):77-88. DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272018000200077.
20. Henríquez F, Cabello V, Baez S, et al. Multidimensional Clinical Assessment in Frontotemporal Dementia and Its Spectrum in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Narrative Review and a Glance at Future Challenges. Front Neurol [Internet]. 2022 [citado 17/06/2023];12:768591. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35250791/
21. Cao LX, Wang G, Guo QH, et al. Utility of Chinese Versions of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination: A Narrative Review. Healthcare [Internet]. 2022 [citado 17/06/2023];10(10):2052. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36292500/
22. Garbey-Pierre Y, Gorguet-Pi M, Batista-Delgado Y, et al. Deterioro cognitivo leve de tipo amnésico en ancianos de un área de salud. MEDISAN [Internet]. 2023 [citado 08/12/2023];27(3). Disponible en: https://medisan.sld.cu/index.php/san/article/view/4564
23. Prats-Sedano MA, Savulich G, Surendranathan A, et al. The revised Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination can facilitate differentiation of dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry [Internet]. 2021 [citado 17/06/2023];36(6):831-8. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33275793/
24. Broche-Pérez Y, López-Pujol HA. Validation of the Cuban Version of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised for Screening Mild Cognitive Impairment. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord [Internet]. 2017 [citado 17/06/2023];44(5-6):320-7. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29393151/
25. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Rev Esp Cardiol [Internet]. 2021 [citado 18/05/2023];74(9):790-9. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300893221002748?via%3Dihub
26. Korten V, Ay U, Harı E, et al. Prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) in Turkey and assessment of Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) test as a screening tool. VIH Med [Internet]. 2021 [citado 18/06/2023];22(1):60-6. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32964651/
27. Suriyakumara V, Srikanth S, Wijeyekoon R, et al. Validation of the Sinhala Version of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised for the Detection of Dementia in Sri Lanka: Comparison with the Mini-Mental Status Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2019;47(4-6):198-208. DOI: 10.1159/000497743.
28. Amaral-Carvalho V, Lima-Silva TB, Mariano LI, et al. Brazilian Version of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised in the Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer'S Disease and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2022;37(2):437-48. DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acab071.
2. Martínez Contreras CA, Moreno Fergusson ME. Calidad de vida en adultos mayores con trastorno neurocognitivo mayor moderado a grave institucionalizados: efecto de la Doll Therapy. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol [Internet]. 2023 [citado 23/12/2023];58(6):101410. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=9228685
3. Grilli M. Eficacia de una prueba diagnóstica. FASGO [Internet]. 2020 [citado 16/06/2023];(7). Disponible en: https://fasgo.org.ar/index.php/enlaces/ministerio-de-salud/111-revista-fasgo/n-7-2020/2060-eficacia-de-una-prueba-diagnostica
4. Mar J, Gorostiza A, Arrospide A, et al. Estimation of the epidemiology of dementia and associated neuropsychiatric symptoms by applying machine learning to real-world data. Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment [Internet]. 2022 [citado 16/06/2023];15(3):167-75. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36272739/
5. Leonel Tavares JW, Braga Neto P, De Carvalho Bonfadini J, et al. Clinical characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of the revised Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination (ACE-R) in older adults with a low educational level. J Bras Psiquiatr [Internet]. 2021 [citado 16/06/2023];70(1). Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/j/jbpsiq/a/75M3ZSkW5cYhpRB9VctN3tq/?lang=en
6. Mimenza-Alvarado AJ, Bombón-Albán P, Duarte-Flores JO, et al. Five-Word Test, screening of mixed dementia in older adults. Validation study. Rev Colomb Psiquiat. 2023;52:S1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2021.04.009.
7. Bombón-Albán PE, Campoverde-Pineda EG, Medina-Carrillo MA. Revisión de las pruebas cognitivas breves para pacientes con sospecha de demencia. Acta Neurol Colomb [Internet]. 2022 [citado 16/06/2023];38(2):98-105. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?pid=S0120-87482022000300098&script=sci_abstract&tlng=es
8. Custodio N, Duque L, Montesinos R, et al. Systematic review of the diagnostic validity of brief cognitive screenings for early dementia detection in Spanish-spekaing adults in Latin America. Front Aging Neurosci. 2020;12(270). DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00270.
9. Cancino M, Rehbein L, Gómez Pérez D, et al. Evaluación de funcionamiento cognitivo en adultos: Análisis y contrastación de tres de los instrumentos de mayor divulgación en Chile. Rev Med Chile. 2020;148(4):452-8. DOI: 10.4067/s0034-98872020000400452.
10. Torres-Castro S, Mena-Montes B, González-Ambrosio G, et al. Escalas de tamizaje cognitivo en habla hispana: una revisión crítica. Neurología. 2022;37(1):53-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2018.03.009.
11. Van den Hurk W, Bergman I, Machado A, et al. Swedish Normative Data for Mindmore: A Comprehensive Cognitive Screening Battery, Both Digital and Self-Administrated. J Int Neuropsychol Soc [Internet]. 2022 [citado 16/06/2023];28(2):188-202. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34027854/
12. Delgado C, Araneda A, Behrens MI. Validación del instrumento Montreal Cognitive Assessment en español en adultos mayores de 60 años. Neurología. 2019;34(6):376-85. DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2017.01.013.
13. Gaete M, Jorquera S, Bello-Lepe S, et al. Resultados estandarizados del Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) para cribado neurocognitivo en población chilena. Neurología [Internet]. 2023 [citado 16/06/2023];38(4):246-55. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485320302942
14. Cova I, Nicotra A, Maestri G, et al. Translations and cultural adaptations of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment: a systematic and qualitative review. Neurol Sci [Internet]. 2022 [citado 17/06/2023];43(1):113-24. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34750686/
15. Potts C, Richardson J, Bond RB, et al. Reliability of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III in differentiating between dementia, mild cognitive impairment and older adults who have not reported cognitive problems. Eur J Ageing [Internet]. 2021 [citado 17/06/2023];19(3):495-507. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34566550/
16. Qassem T, Khater MS, Emara T, et al. Validation of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III in Mild Cognitive Impairment in Arabic Speakers in Egypt. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord [Internet]. 2020 [citado 17/06/2023];49(4):418-22. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33080612/
17. Charernboon T, Chompookard P. Detecting cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia with the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination. Asian J Psychiatry [Internet]. 2019 [citado 17/06/2023];40:19-22. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30690276/
18. Park HY, Yi SH, Suk SH. Normative Data for the Korean Version of Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination. Int J Gerontol. 2022;16(2):139-43. DOI: 10.6890/IJGE.202204_16(2).0012.
19. Custodio N, Becerra-Becerra Y, Cruzado L, et al. Nivel de conocimientos sobre demencia frontotemporal en una muestra de médicos que evalúan regularmente a pacientes con demencia en Lima-Perú. Rev chil neuro-psiquiatr. 2018;56(2):77-88. DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272018000200077.
20. Henríquez F, Cabello V, Baez S, et al. Multidimensional Clinical Assessment in Frontotemporal Dementia and Its Spectrum in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Narrative Review and a Glance at Future Challenges. Front Neurol [Internet]. 2022 [citado 17/06/2023];12:768591. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35250791/
21. Cao LX, Wang G, Guo QH, et al. Utility of Chinese Versions of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination: A Narrative Review. Healthcare [Internet]. 2022 [citado 17/06/2023];10(10):2052. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36292500/
22. Garbey-Pierre Y, Gorguet-Pi M, Batista-Delgado Y, et al. Deterioro cognitivo leve de tipo amnésico en ancianos de un área de salud. MEDISAN [Internet]. 2023 [citado 08/12/2023];27(3). Disponible en: https://medisan.sld.cu/index.php/san/article/view/4564
23. Prats-Sedano MA, Savulich G, Surendranathan A, et al. The revised Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination can facilitate differentiation of dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry [Internet]. 2021 [citado 17/06/2023];36(6):831-8. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33275793/
24. Broche-Pérez Y, López-Pujol HA. Validation of the Cuban Version of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised for Screening Mild Cognitive Impairment. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord [Internet]. 2017 [citado 17/06/2023];44(5-6):320-7. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29393151/
25. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Rev Esp Cardiol [Internet]. 2021 [citado 18/05/2023];74(9):790-9. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300893221002748?via%3Dihub
26. Korten V, Ay U, Harı E, et al. Prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) in Turkey and assessment of Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) test as a screening tool. VIH Med [Internet]. 2021 [citado 18/06/2023];22(1):60-6. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32964651/
27. Suriyakumara V, Srikanth S, Wijeyekoon R, et al. Validation of the Sinhala Version of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised for the Detection of Dementia in Sri Lanka: Comparison with the Mini-Mental Status Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2019;47(4-6):198-208. DOI: 10.1159/000497743.
28. Amaral-Carvalho V, Lima-Silva TB, Mariano LI, et al. Brazilian Version of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised in the Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer'S Disease and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2022;37(2):437-48. DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acab071.
Downloads
Published
2024-07-31
How to Cite
1.
Garbey-Pierre Y, Batista-Delgado Y, Adjunta-Medina ME. Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised in neurocognitive disorders. Rev Méd Electrón [Internet]. 2024 Jul. 31 [cited 2025 Jan. 23];46:e5354. Available from: https://revmedicaelectronica.sld.cu/index.php/rme/article/view/5354
Issue
Section
Review article
License
All content published in this journal is Open Access, distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 License.
It allows:
- Copy and redistribute published material in any medium or format.
- Adapt the content.
This will be done under the following terms:
- Attribute the authors' credits and indicate whether changes were made, in which case it must be in a reasonable way.
- Non-commercial use.
- Recognize the journal where it is published.
The copyrights of each article are maintained, without restrictions.
Guidelines to authors
