Cutaneous reactogenicity to Cladosporium associated with allergic hypersensitivity in symptomatic patients. 2019-2020
Keywords:
Prick test, cutaneous reactogenicity to airborne allergens, allergy to anemophilous fungiAbstract
Introduction: Anemophilous fungi are one of the causes of hypersensitivity by inhalable allergens. Specimens of the genus Cladosporium stand out for their high frequency.
Objective: To describe the cutaneous reactogenicity of crude extracts of fungi of the genus Cladosporium spp. in Cuban patients with type I hypersensitivity.
Method: Analytical observational study in a representative sample (m=170) of patients with recurrent symptoms associated with type I hypersensitivity, treated between January 2019 and December 2020 at the University Hospital General Calixto García. Cutaneous reactogenicity was evaluated using the Prick test.
Results: With an m=170 and age range of 18;83 years, with an ẋe=41.83±2.56 years, 77.05% of the tested subjects showed sensitivity to at least one genus of fungus, with 38.82 % of subjects sensitized to Cladosporium spp. 53.03 % of the female sex vs. 48.48% of the male sex. In general, there were no differences between sexes (X2=0.2075; p=0.6487) or age (X2=0.0237; p=0.8775) regarding positivity to Cladosporium. The cross-reactivity of Cladosporium with other anemophilous fungi was striking, with a higher proportion of Fusarium and Chrysonilia in women vs. men. In the analysis of the absolute proportions of stationary reactivity, the lower incidence of new cases in the months of February and August was statistically significant (p=0.000*).
Conclusions: The proportion of patients with recurrent symptoms associated with type I hypersensitivity sensitized to specimens of the genus Cladosporium is high, without distinction according to sex, with an apparent tendency to a pluri-sensitivity in women vs. major cutaneous reaction for men.
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