Presence and dissemination of Dengue, Chikungunya and other arboviruses in North and South America

Abstract

This review gathers together the most recent researches carried out on Chikungunya and Zika viruses in the American continent, and states the possible emergency of new arboviruses. The authors performed a review of the main articles published in PubMed, Scielo y MEDLINE in the period 2010-2016 on the presence of arboviruses in the American continent, their evolution and complications. The most commonly described symptoms of the chikungunya outbreak in the American continent are fever, polyarthralgia, myalgia and rash in the acute stage, while chronic arthralgia has persisted in37-90 % of the little cohorts. The Asian origin of American Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses strains evidence a common dissemination course and common transmission by the Aedes Aegypti.  Regarding Zika fever, the association of congenital malformations and sexual transmission are the most important discoveries in the New World.  Chikungunya and Zika viruses are transmitted by the Aedes Aegypti  and  they have become a serious health problem, mainly due to the lack of vaccine and efficacious methods of the vector control.