Diagnosis of risk factors associated to abdominal wall defects in women with affected descendants. Province of Matanzas, January 2013-January 2016

Abstract

Introduction: the defects of the abdominal wall are a spectrum of structural anatomic malformations of diverse etiology, with variable severity and prognosis. The risk factors are dissimilar, many of them modifiable.

Objective: to identify the risk factors associated to abdominal wall defects diagnosed before birth in the province of Matanzas.

Methods: a cross-sectional research was carried out on the risk factors in women with diagnose of defects of the abdominal wall in the province of Matanzas, from January 2013 to January 2016, through an inquiry, after a pilot test to calculate reliability (Crombach alpha), and validity (lineal regression).

Results: the value of both coefficients was higher than 0.7, so the inquiry was reliable and valid. The risk factors for these more frequent defects were the combination of environmental factors, the lack of peri conceptional supplementation of folic acid and exposition to chemical substances.  The necessity of receiving pre-conceptional information from the part of the women was high.

Conclusions: the more frequent risk factors were the combination of environmental factors and the lack of peri conceptional supplementation of folic acid.