Lipid markers in HIV AIDS patients under treatment with protease inhibitors
Keywords:
cardiovascular disease, HIV, AIDS, antiretroviral drugs, cardiovascular risk factorsAbstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the main risk of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Another disease with significant impact on public health systems is HIV/AIDS. Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. After antiretroviral treatment, the incidence of opportunistic diseases associated with HIV/AIDS has decreased and the incidence of diseases associated with aging such as cardiovascular disease has increased. The use of protease inhibitor antiretroviral drugs is associated with hyperlipidemia and a consequent increase in cardiovascular complications.
Objective: To determine lipid markers in patients with HIV/AIDS undergoing treatment with protease inhibitors.
Materials and method: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with HIV/AIDS from the province of Matanzas during the period from March to August 2020, in the Clinical Laboratory of the Provincial Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital Faustino Pérez Hernandez.
Results: Lipid markers were evaluated as cardiovascular risk factor associated with antiretroviral treatment, with triglycerides being the one of highest incidence.
Conclusions: Lipid markers were identified as cardiovascular risk factors; in this case hypertriglyceridemia.
Downloads
References
2. Grupo de expertos del Grupo de Estudio sobre Alteraciones Metabólicas, de la Secretaría del Plan Nacional sobre el Sida y del Grupo de Estudio de Sida. Documento de consenso sobre alteraciones metabólicas y riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con infecciones por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin [Internet]. 2015 [citado 13/03/2022];33(1). Disponible en: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-enfermedades-infecciosas-microbiologia-clinica-28-articulo-documento-consenso-sobre-alteraciones-metabolicas-S0213005X14002249
3. Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas. VIH/SIDA. Estadísticas mundiales. Factográfico salud [Internet]. 2019 [citado 13/03/2022];5(2):[aprox. 11 pantallas]. Disponible en: http://files.sld.cu/bmn/files/2019/02/factografico-de-salud-febrero-2019.pdf
4. Veliz Castro T, Murillo Suárez AD, Vargas López JM. Tiempo de adherencia a terapia antirretroviral y su asociación con parámetros bioquímicos en pacientes de la unidad de atención integral VIH sida Manta 2018 [Internet]. Manabí: UNESUM; 2019 [citado 13/03/2022]. Disponible en: http://repositorio.unesum.edu.ec/handle/53000/1962
5. Bravo Remache AE. Antirretrovirales y perfil lipídico en pacientes con virus de inmunodeficiencia humana Hospital Baca Ortiz 2002-2015 [tesis en Internet]. Quito: Universidad Central del Ecuador; 2017 [citado 20/03/2022]. Disponible en: http://www.dspace.uce.edu.ec/handle/25000/11147
6. Carvajal Alzate M, Roldan Tabares MD, Herrera Almanza L, et al. Virus de inmunodeficiencia humana: hallazgos útiles en el diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento. Enf Inf Microbiol [Internet]. 2019 [citado 20/03/2022];39(2):65-70. Disponible en: https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/micro/ei-2019/ei192e.pdf
7. Lantero MI, Sánchez J, Joanes J, et al. Plan estratégico nacional para la prevención y control de las ITS, el VIH y las hepatitis 2019-2023. La Habana: Ministerio de Salud Pública; 2019.
8. Sánchez Álvarez ML, Peral Sánchez ML, Cruz RG, et al. Estimación del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con VIH. Medicentro Electrónica [Internet]. 2018 [citado 17/01/2022];22(4):335-42. Disponible en: https://medicentro.sld.cu/index.php/medicentro/article/view/2692
9. González Cordón A. Enfermedad cardiovascular en la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Factores implicados, tratamiento antirretroviral y utilidad de marcadores de ateromatosis subclínica [tesis en Internet]. Barcelona: Universidad de Barcelona; 2020 [citado 20/03/2022]. Disponible en: http://diposit.ub.edu/dspace/handle/2445/174718
10. Del Amo J, Brañas F, Serrano S, et al. VIH en España 2017: Políticas para una nueva gestión de la cronicidad, más allá del control virológico [Internet]. Madrid: Fundación Gaspar Casal; 2017 [citado 20/03/2022]. Disponible en: https://fundaciongasparcasal.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/VIH-en-Espana-2017.pdf
11. Brennan AT, Jamieson L, Crowther NJ, et al. Prevalence, incidence, predictors, treatment, and control of hypertension among HIV-positive adults on antiretroviral treatment in public sector treatment programs in South Africa. PLoS One [Internet]. 2018 [citado 17/01/2022];13(10):e0204020. Disponible en: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0204020
12. Africano Díaz FJ, Pérez Cely HC, Camacho Solano K. Rol actual de los inhibidores de proteasa en el manejo del paciente VIH. Infecto Médica [Internet]. 2019 [citado 17/01/2022];5(2). Disponible en: https://infectoweb.com/public/revistas/5.pdf
13. Shah ASV, Stelzle D, Lee KK, et al. Global Burden of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in People Living With HIV. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Circulation [Internet]. 2018 [citado 20/03/2022];138(11):1100-12. Disponible en: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.033369
14. Dorjee K, ChodenT, Baxi SM, et al. Risk of cardiovascular disease associated with exposure to abacavir among individuals with HIV: A systemstic review and meta-analyses of results from 17 epidemiologic studies. Int J Antimicrob Agents [Internet]. 2018 [citado 20/03/2022];52(5):541-53. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924857918302012
15. Rodríguez Alfaro M, Gross Fernández C, Casas Gross S, et al. Farmacovigilancia en pacientes con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana/sida en un hospital de Zimbabwe. Medisan [Internet]. 2012 [citado 20/03/2022];16(3):326-32. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1029-30192012000300003
16. Gueler A, Moser A, Calmy A, et al. Life expectancy in HIV-positive persons in Switzerland: matched comparison with general population. AIDS. 2017;31(3):427-36. DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001335.
17. Borges AH, Neuhaus J, Sharma S, et al. The Effect of Interrupted/Deferred Antiretroviral Therapy on Disease Risk: A SMART and START Combined Analysis. J Infect Dis. 2018;219(2):254-63. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy442.
18. Sokalski KM, Chu J, Mai AY, et al. Endocrine abnormalities in HIV-infected women are associated with peak viral load-the children and women: antiretrovirals and markers of aging (CARMA) cohort. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016;84(3):452-62. DOI: 10.1111/cen.12881.
19. Feinstein MJ, Nance RM, Delaney JAC, et al. Mortality following myocardial infarction among HIV-infected persons: the Center for AIDS Research Network Of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS). BMC Med. 2019;17(1). DOI: 10.1186/s12916-019-1385-7.
20. Anikpo I, Agovi AM, Cvitanovich MJ, et al. The data-collection on adverse effects of anti-HIV drugs (D:A:D) model for predicting cardiovascular events: External validation in a diverse cohort of people living with HIV. HIV Med [Internet]. 2021 [citado 17/01/2022];22(10):936-43. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/hiv.13147
21. Tsimikas S, Gordts PLSM, Nora C, et al. Statin therapy increases lipoprotein(a) levels. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(24):2275-84. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz310.
22. Dávila Ascarra LM. Alteraciones en el perfil lipídico en pacientes adultos. Alteraciones en el perfil lipídico en pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de infección de infección por VIH en el centro Naval entre 2013-2018 [tesis en Internet]. Lima: Universidad Científica del Sur; 2019. Disponible en: https://repositorio.cientifica.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12805/596
23. Morales Collado DG. Alteraciones metabólicas de los pacientes con VIH atendidos en la clínica de atención integral Hospital Escuela Antonio Lenin Fonseca de Noviembre 2016-Enero 2017 [tesis en Internet]. Managua: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua; 2017. Disponible en: https://repositorio.unan.edu.ni/11095/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
All content published in this journal is Open Access, distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 License.
It allows:
- Copy and redistribute published material in any medium or format.
- Adapt the content.
This will be done under the following terms:
- Attribute the authors' credits and indicate whether changes were made, in which case it must be in a reasonable way.
- Non-commercial use.
- Recognize the journal where it is published.
The copyrights of each article are maintained, without restrictions.