Imaging studies in the diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Abstract

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is a relatively common disease that affects young infants. In this disorder, pyloric muscle hypertrophy causes functional obstruction of the pyloric canal. Pyloric stenosis can often be diagnosed reliably on the basis of history and examination alone, with ultrasound imaging used only as an adjunct. In less certain cases, where history is strongly suggestive but examination is negative, imaging (ultrasound and/or upper gastrointes-tinal series) can be crucial. It plays a key role in the initial care of these infants and the appropriate surgical referral. This review was aimed to emphasize the value of imaging studies in the HPS's diagnosis.