Screening on cognitive impairment in Cuban research published in scientific journals. 2020- 2025
Keywords:
cognitive dysfunction, mental status and dementia test, neuropsychological testsAbstract
Introduction: The diagnosis of cognitive impairment is often made late. Neuropsychological screening tests are insufficiently applied.
Objective: To analyze the evidence of the diagnostic validity and clinical usefulness of screening instruments on cognitive impairment in Cuban research.
Methods: Search terms in English and Spanish languages were combined in the PubMed and SciELO databases, and in the Google Scholar search engine, to obtain Cuban scientific research or review articles published in scientific journals between January 2020 and June 2025. Duplicate books and studies, those published at events, those unrelated to the topic or without access to the full text, were excluded.
Results: One review, one experimental study and 16 observational studies were included.
Conclusions: The prevalence of cognitive impairment varied from one study to another, which could be due to differences between the samples, the instrument used, the examiner, and the design of the research. The most identified risk factors are age, female sex, high blood pressure, and low educational level. The Mini-Mental Statement Examination was the most widely used instrument; however, it is recommended to use Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised, which has a better performance, to combine two or more neurocognitive tests or to perform more than one measurement with one of them. Cognitive screening of middle-aged adults is required to detect and intervene early in cognitive impairment.
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