Causes and consequences of failures of the dental implantology. Matanzas

Abstract

Introduction: the implants are pure titanium fixations located in the maxillary or mandibular bone with the aim of taking the place of lost teeth roots. They allow to replace the natural tooth for an artificial one with better functioning. Although it is a programmed surgery, it is not free of failures, and complications may appear in any stage of the implantation treatment.
Objective: to determine the causes and complications of these treatment failure in the Teaching Dental Clinic “Tercer Congreso del PCC”, municipality of Matanzas, in the period from January 2010 to December 2016.
Materials and methods: a retrospective, descriptive, observational research was carried out, where 500 clinical records of patients rehabilitated with dental implants were reviewed; the universe was formed by the total of the implants that failed in the treatment due to different causes and complications (32) in the clinic “Tercer Congreso del PCC”.
Results: most of the implant failures occurred in male patients aged 35-65 year. 53.1 % of the failures were due to the patients’ motivation for esthetics; most of the failures were associated to no osseointegration and to perimplantitis occurred in the initial stage of the treatment (62.5 %).
Conclusions: the figures of failures in dental implantology treatment were low in all of the anatomic regions of the oral cavity, and the rate of survival and success was high.