Behavior of the patients ventilated in the service of intensive therapy of the Teaching Military Hospital Mario Muñoz Monroy, of Matanzas. 2009-2010

Abstract

From january 2009 to december 2010, we carried out a descriptive observational study to identify the behavior of the patients of the Polyvalent Intensive Care Unit of the Teaching Military Hospital Mario Muñoz of Matanzas who needed mechanical ventilation. The universe was formed by 51 patients submitted to ventilatory support in this period. There it was detected the supremacy of the male sex and a major affectation among patients aged 50 and more years for both genres. The mortality was analyzed according to the ventilation time, dividing the patients in two groups: one of less than five days, and a second of five days or more; the biggest number of deceased was observed in the first group, with 75,7 %, while in the second group the mortality was 24,2 %. The sepsis associated or not with the ventilation, was detected in 22 patients (43,1 %); of them, 59,1 % (13 patients) was not hospital-acquired  and 40,9 % (9 patients) was hospital-acquired or associated with the ventilation. The main causes that motivated the ventilation were: the post-surgical complications (39,2 %), the complicated chronic obstructive pulmonary illness (17,6 %), the cardiogenic shock (11,8 %), the hemorrhagic-type  encephalo-vascular illness (11,8 %), the septic shock (9,8 %) and other causes (9,8 %). The mortality in the ventilated patients was 64,7 %, with a predominance of the surgical patients. The direct causes of decease were in correspondence with the entities that motivated the ventilation, being the most detected: the multi organic failure, the septic shock, the cardiogenic shock and the bronchopneumonia. There it was a clinic-pathologic interrelation in 93,1 % of the deceased.